#4 Capo Colonna July 13/14, 982

In 982 the unlucky emperor Otto II loses a battle in Southern Italy, which triggers an uprising of the pagan Slavs east of the Elbe River giving Poland enough wiggle room to plough its own furrow.

#3 Battle on the Lechfeld, August 10, 955

In 955 king Otto I annihilated the largest army the Magyars ever fielded, ending their raids into his territory.  His soldiers hailed him emperor, kicking off the (Holy Roman) Empire.

#2 Rescuing Adelheid (950-952 AD)

In 950 King Lothar of Italy dies, leaving behind his 19-year-old widow, Adelheid/Adelaide. With her begins the entanglement of the medieval emperors in Northern Italy.

Treasures of Medieval Rome

Most people go to Rome for Cicero and the Caesars, Raphael and Michelangelo. But there is so much more. Check out some of the amazing early medieval churches and their amazing mosaic decorations. This is what would have greeted a German emperor coming down to Rome to be crowned by a reluctant pope.

Plaque from a Reliquary Shrine 1160–80

Among the most splendid objects in the great churches of Cologne are large architectural shrines containing relics associated with local as well as biblical saints. The most celebrated of these is the reliquary for the bones of the Three Kings which dates from around this period. But there were many more. These ambitious goldsmiths’ works […]

Aquamanile

An Aquamanile was just a waterjug used both for the celebration of mass and secular settings such as grand dinners. They gave room for artistic expression that reflects a loty of the medieval soul, featuring lions, griffins, dragons, centaurs as well as knights and al kinds of menagery.